UNIX and Linux Essentials

Course Introduction

• Lesson Objectives
• Course Objectives
• Course Schedule
• Introductions
• Practice Environment
• Summary
• Practice 1: Overview

Introduction to the UNIX and Linux Environments

• Objectives
• Lesson Agenda
• Multiuser, Multitasking, Time-Sharing Operating Systems
• UNIX and Linux OS Structure
• UNIX and Linux OS Structure: The Kernel
• UNIX and Linux OS Structure: The File System
• The File System
• The root Directory “/”
• File Types
• UNIX and Linux OS Structure: Processes
• UNIX and Linux OS Structure: The Shell
• Shells, a User Command Interface to the Kernel
• Quiz
• User Accounts
• Components of a User Account
• Changing User Account Login Credentials
• Changing User Account Login Credentials: Examples
• Changing Ownership of a Login Session to Another User or Role
• User’s Home Directory
• Quiz
• UNIX Variants
• Linux Distributions
• The Desktop Environment
• Logging On to Oracle Linux Using the Desktop Login Screen
• Oracle Linux Desktop
• Logging Out
• Lesson Agenda
• Executing Commands from the Command Line
• Command-Line Syntax
• Using UNIX Commands
• Using Commands with Options
• Using Commands with Options on Oracle Linux
• Using Commands with Arguments
• Using Commands with Options and Arguments
• Using Multiple Commands on the Command Line
• Quiz
• Using the Man Pages
• Displaying the man Pages
• Scrolling Through the Man Pages
• Searching the Man Pages
• Searching the Man Pages: By Section
• Searching the Man Pages: By Keyword
• Accessing Online Product Documentation
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 2: Overview

Working with Files and Directories

• Objectives
• Lesson Agenda
• Viewing Directories
• Determining the Current Directory
• Displaying the Directory Content
• Displaying the Directory Content with Options
• Quiz
• Displaying File Types
• Changing Directories
• Changing Directories by Using Relative or Absolute Path Name
• Home Directory
• Returning to Your Home Directory
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Viewing File
• Viewing File Content: cat Command
• Viewing File Content: more Command
• Viewing File Content: less Command
• Viewing File Content: head Command
• Viewing File Content: tail Command
• Viewing File Content: wc Command
• Viewing File Content Differences: diff Command
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Copying Files and Directories
• Copying Multiple Files
• Copying Files: cp Command Options
• Copying Files Recursively: -r or -R Option
• Preventing Copy Overrides: -i Option
• Moving and Renaming Files and Directories
• Moving a File to Another Directory
• Moving a Directory and Its Content
• Renaming Files and Directories
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Creating Files
• Creating Directories
• Removing Files
• Removing Directories
• Removing Empty Directories
• Types of Links: Symbolic and Hard
• Creating Symbolic Links
• Creating Hard Links
• Removing Both Symbolic and Hard Links
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Regular Expressions
• Regular Expressions Wild Cards
• Creating Patterns Using Regular Expressions
• Searching Files and Directories
• Searching Files and Directories: find Command
• Using Expressions with the find Command
• Searching Files and Directories: Linux Also Has a locate Command
• Searching Within Files: grep Command
• Searching Within Files: grep Command on Linux
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 3: Overview

Using the vim Editor

• Objectives
• Agenda
• vim Editor: Introduction
• Accessing the vim Editor
• vim Editor: Overview
• vim Editor Modes
• Switching Between the Two Most Common Modes
• Agenda
• Viewing Files in Read-Only Mode
• Moving the Cursor Within the vim Editor
• Inserting and Appending Text
• Text-Deletion Commands
• Edit Commands
• Quiz
• Searching for and Substituting (Replacing) Text Within a File
• Copy-and-Paste Commands
• Save and Quit Commands
• Session Customization
• Session Customization Commands
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 4: Overview

Using Features Within the Bash Shell

• Objectives
• Lesson Agenda
• Shell Expansions
• Brace Expansion
• Tilde Expansion
• Parameter Expansion
• Command Substitution
• Path Name Expansion and File Name Generation
• Asterisk (*) Expansion Symbol
• Question Mark (?) Expansion Symbol
• Square Bracket ([]) Expansion Symbols
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Shell Metacharacters
• Command Communication Channels
• File Descriptors
• Redirection Metacharacters
• Redirecting Standard Input (stdin)
• Redirecting Standard Output (stdout)
• Redirecting Standard Error (stderr)
• Pipe Symbol
• Using the Pipe Symbol
• Redirecting Standard Output (stdout) by Using the tee Command
• Quoting Symbols
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Variables: Introduction
• Displaying Local Shell Variables
• Displaying Global Environment Shell Variables
• Setting and Unsetting Shell Variables
• Default Bash Shell Variables
• Customizing Bash Shell Variables: PS1
• Customizing Shell Variables: PATH
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Command History: Introduction
• Displaying Previously Executed Commands
• Use the ! Command to Re-execute a Command Line from History
• Use the !! Command to Repeat the Last Command
• Searching the History Entries
• Using the ! Command to Search for and Execute History Entries
• Editing Commands on the Command Line
• Invoking File Name Completion
• File Name Completion with More Than a Single Solution
• Lesson Agenda
• User Initialization Files
• Default User Initialization Files for the Bash Shell
• Configuring the ~/.bashrc File
• Rereading the ~/.bashrc File
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 5: Overview

Using Basic File Permissions

• Objectives
• Lesson Agenda
• Securing Files and Directories
• File and Directory Permissions (ACL)
• Viewing Permission Categories
• Permission Groups
• Permission Sets
• Interpreting File and Directory Permissions
• Determining File or Directory Access Permissions
• Interpreting the ls –n Command
• Determining Permissions
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Changing Ownership on Files or Directories
• Changing Both Username and Group Ownership
• Changing Group Ownership
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• Changing Permissions
• Changing Permissions: Symbolic Mode
• Special File Permissions: Setuid, Setgid, and Stick Bit
• Changing Permissions: Octal Mode
• Quiz
• Lesson Agenda
• umask: A Bash Shell Built-in Command
• Determining the umask Octal Value
• Applying the umask Value
• Changing the umask Value
• Summary
• Practice 6: Overview

Performing Basic Process Control

• Objectives
• Agenda
• Process: Overview
• Attributes of a Process
• Process States
• Process Subsystems
• Agenda
• Listing System Processes
• Listing All Processes
• Listing Process Trees in Oracle Linux
• Quiz
• Terminating a Process
• Terminating a Process: kill Command
• Common Signals and Their Uses
• Terminating a Process: kill Command
• Terminating a Process: pgrep and pkill Commands
• Terminating a Process: pkill Command
• Forcefully Terminating a Process: Signal 9 (SIGKILL)
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 7: Overview

Using Advanced Shell Features in Shell Scripts

• Objectives
• Agenda
• Jobs in the Bash Shell
• Job Control Commands
• Running a Job in the Background
• Bringing a Background Job to the Foreground
• Quiz
• The alias Command
• Command Sequence
• Predefined Aliases
• User-Defined Aliases
• Deactivating an Alias
• Removing an Alias
• Quiz
• Shell Functions
• Defining a Function
• Invoking a Function
• Shell Options
• Activating the noclobber Shell Option
• Deactivating the noclobber Shell Option
• Quiz
• Agenda
• Shell Scripts
• Determining the Shell to Interpret and Execute a Shell Script
• Creating a Shell Script
• Executing a Shell Script
• Comments in a Shell Script
• Positional Parameters in a Shell Script
• Quiz
• Checking the Exit Status
• The test Command
• Integer/Arithmetic Test Comparison Operators
• String Test Comparison Operators
• File Test Comparison Operators
• Using the test Command in an if Statement
• How to Test/Debug a Shell Script
• Conditional Expressions
• The && Operator
• The || Operator
• The if Statement
• The if Statement Additional Syntax
• The case Statement
• Looping Constructs
• The for Loop Statement
• Shifting Positional Parameters in a Loop
• The while (True) Loop Statement
• The until (True) Loop Statement
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 8: Overview

Archiving, Compressing, and Performing Remote File Transfers

• Objectives
• Agenda
• File Archival: Introduction
• The tar Command
• Common tar Command Options
• Creating a tar Archive
• Viewing the Table of of a tar Archive
• Extracting a tar Archive
• Quiz
• Agenda
• File Compression
• Compressing a File: gzip Command
• Uncompressing a File: gunzip Command
• Viewing a Compressed File: zcat Command
• Archiving and Compressing Multiple Files: zip Command
• Viewing and Uncompressing Archive Files: unzip Command
• Compressing a File: bzip2 Command
• Uncompressing a File: bunzip2 Command
• Viewing a Compressed File: bzcat Command
• Quiz
• Agenda
• Computer Networking: Introduction
• Layout of a Basic Network
• OpenSSH and Remote Network Connections
• Using Secure Shell (ssh) for Remote Login
• Copying Files and Directories Between a Local and Remote Host: scp
• Command
• Reversing the Direction and Copying Files from a Remote Host to a Local
• Host
• Copying Local Directories to and from a Remote Host
• Quiz
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Introduction
• Using OpenSSH’s sftp to Transfer Files Either Remotely or Locally
• Determining the File Type and the Destination to Which the File Is Being
• Transferred
• Converting a File’s Format Based on the Destination
• Using sftp Commands
• Transferring Files by Using sftp
• Transferring Multiple Files by Using sftp
• Quiz
• Summary
• Practice 9: Overview